Norovirus (SRSV)

 

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It is the common causes of diarrhoeal outbreak especially in health institutes and in long term residential homes.

It affects children and people in residential home

Transmission

Transmission is through faecal-oral route.

It is highly transmissible.

It has high attack rate.

Vomited materials contain infectious viral particles.

Transmission can occur through aerosol formed during vomiting.

 

Incubation period

Incubation period- short between 12 to 36 hours.

Infectious period- lasts for 2 days after the resolution.

 

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Clinical presentations

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Nausea and mild fever

Vomiting is the prominent symptom

Diarrhoea is not severe like that of Rotavirus.

Abdominal pain.

 

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 Investigation

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Diagnostic tests

Stool for

Ø      Electron microscope

Ø      EIA

Ø      PCR

 

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Management

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Increase fluid intake.

Patient isolation is very important.

During outbreak hospital wards should be closed for new patient admission.

Patient and staff movements should be restricted if possible.

 

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Prevention

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There is no vaccine.

Proper hygienic measures are essentials to control transmission.

Cleaning rooms with hypochlorite solution may help to decontaminate the area.

Patients may only be admitted after 48 hours from the last episode of vomiting.

 

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