Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

 

There are a number of antiviral drugs to treat HIV infection. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with either a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or a boosted protease inhibitor are advised to treat patients who have AIDS defining conditions or CD4 count less than 200/cm. To find detailed information on the following drugs refer to the HIV section on this web site.

 

Nucleoside reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)

• Zidovudine
• Abacavir
• Tenofovir
• Didanosine
• Emtricitabine
• Lamivudine
• Stavudine
• Zalcitabine (are not used anymore)

 

Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)

• Efavirenz
• Nevirapine

 

Protease Inhibitors (PIs)

• Indinavir
• Amprenavir
• Fosamprenavir
• Nelfinavir
• Sequinavir
• Atazanavir
• Lopinavir
• Tipranavir
• Ritonavir.

 

Fusion inhibitor

• Enfuvirtide (T20)

 

Recommended Treatment Combination

2 NRTIs with either one NNRTI or PI

(Not  Zidovudine and Stavudine, Stavudine and Didanosine )

 

NB: Two boosted PI or Fusion inhibitors are used as salvage therapy.

 

 

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Human T-Lymphocyte associated Virus 1 and 2 (HTLV1 and2)

HTLV1 and 2

 

Lamivudine

v     250-300 mg po daily

 

Tenofovir

v     245 mg po daily

 

These drugs are not routinely used however they can be used in patients participating in clinical trails.